Pro Tips provided by Mary Belile, M.S. 

Sensory needs refer to how individuals respond to information from their environment through their senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste). These needs vary, with some people being more sensitive to sensory input (hypersensitive) and others under responsive (hyposensitive or sensory seeking). Understanding these differences is crucial for creating supportive environments, especially for children. 

The brain is constantly filtering and interpreting sensory data, prioritizing what’s important and generating reactions based on how the input is perceived. Individuals with autism, however, often struggle with processing sensory information. According to one scientific theory, this may be due to an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Sensory processing needs can affect aspects of development and daily life. 

Most autistic people are hypersensitive to sensory input. Certain lights, sounds, smells, and textures can trigger physical reactions like heart palpitations and nausea. Characteristics of a hypersensitive individual may include: 

• Dislikes being hugged or touched 
• Anxious when hands are dirty or sticky 
• Bothered by certain clothing textures, tags, or seams
• Avoids certain flavors or food textures 
• Distressed by loud sounds or unable to ignore background sounds  
• Overwhelmed by bright lights 
• Difficulty with personal space or social interactions 

To support individuals with hypersensitivity, try to identify the triggers that cause anxiety or agitation and find ways to minimize them. Some common solutions include: 

• Replace harsh overhead lighting with softer, adjustable lighting 
• Noise cancelling headphones 
• White noise machine 
• Scent-free laundry, cleaning, and self-care products 
• Clothing made of soft fabrics with the tags removed 
• A calming space with pillows, stuffed animals, bean bag chairs 

 A smaller percentage of autistic people are hyposensitive to sensory input. Characteristics of a hyposensitive individual may include: 

• Regularly jumps, rocks, or spins 
• Likes to chew on things 
• Likes to smell things 
• Enjoys watching colorful lights or spinning objects 
• Frequently makes loud sounds 
• Appears indifferent to pain 

 To help meet and manage their sensory needs, consider incorporating the following into their day: 

• Jumping on a trampoline 
• Bouncing on an exercise ball 
• Swinging or climbing 
• Play-Doh, kinetic sand, and other sensory play 
• Xylophone, maracas, and other musical instruments 
• Weighted blanket 

It’s important to recognize that individuals with autism can be hypersensitive to certain stimuli and crave other sensory input. By understanding their unique needs and creating a supportive environment, you can help them feel safe and emotionally regulated.